Персона:
Харьков, Максим Михайлович

Организационные подразделения

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Институт лазерных и плазменных технологий

Стратегическая цель Института ЛаПлаз – стать ведущей научной школой и ядром развития инноваций по лазерным, плазменным, радиационным и ускорительным технологиям, с уникальными образовательными программами, востребованными на российском и мировом рынке образовательных услуг.

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Харьков

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Максим Михайлович

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Diagnostics of ion fluxes in low-temperature laboratory and industrial plasmas
(2019) Kolodko, D, V.; Ageychenkov, D. G.; Kaziev, A, V.; Leonova, K. A.; Kharkov, M. M.; Tumarkin, A. V.; Колодко, Добрыня Вячеславич; Агейченков, Дмитрий Григорьевич; Казиев, Андрей Викторович; Харьков, Максим Михайлович; Тумаркин, Александр Владимирович
We studied the ion fluxes on metal surfaces in the inductively coupled plasma reactor as a test facility. The gas mixture of argon and nitrogen was used, with 0.44 Pa total pressure. The radiofrequency power was varied in a wide range (250-2000 W). The ion fluxes were sampled in situ using a specially designed electrostatic extractor and then analyzed with a custom-built magnetic sector mass-separator. The gas composition was independently monitored by the quadrupole analyzer. All measurements were accompanied by optical emission spectroscopy (OES). The correlations of measured optical and corpuscular data are discussed. The conversion function linking optical and corpuscular intensities for Ar/N-2 radiofrequency discharge was determined.
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Effects of Ar ion irradiation in an ICP discharge on the titanium surface topology
(2020) Chernyh, N. A.; Kharkov, M. M.; Kaziev, A. V.; Danilyuk, D. V.; Kukushkina, M. S.; Tumarkin, A. V.; Kolodko, D. V.; Харьков, Максим Михайлович; Казиев, Андрей Викторович; Кукушкина, Маргарита Сергеевна; Тумаркин, Александр Владимирович; Колодко, Добрыня Вячеславич
© 2020 Elsevier B.V.VT1-0 (Russian equivalent of Grade 2) titanium surfaces were modified under argon ion bombardment from the low-pressure inductively coupled plasma (ICP). The ion processing allowed us to prepare various types of structures on titanium with controlled characteristic dimensions at nano- and miscroscale (from tens of nm to 3 µm). The hillock, porous, conical, wall/cell structures as well as their combinations have been obtained. The topology type and the characteristic dimensions of surface features depend on the current density js, Ar ion energy Ei, irradiation fluence Φ (or processing time t), and the sample temperature T during the treatment. The microstructures appear on the surface provided the titanium sample is irradiated at temperatures below 900 °C. The sample temperature was determined by both the average current density (jsav from 0.2 to 20 mA/cm2) and the ion energy (Ei from 150 to 1500 eV). A certain fluence is required for uniform surface coverage with microstructures. We suppose that the titanium surface texturing is a result of a complex interplay of the following mechanisms: sputtering, re-sputtering (shadowing), crystal lattice transformation, accumulation and annihilation of defects, and hypothetically, argon retention.
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Helium retention in tungsten under plasma and ion beam irradiation and its impact on surface morphology
(2020) Gasparyan, Y.; Ryabtsev, S.; Efimov, V.; Harutyunyan, Z.; Aksenova, A.; Poskakalov, A.; Kaziev, A.; Kharkov, M.; Ogorodnikova, O.; Pisarev, A.; Гаспарян, Юрий Микаэлович; Ефимов, Виталий Сергеевич; Арутюнян, Зорий Робертович; Аксенова, Александра Сергеевна; Казиев, Андрей Викторович; Харьков, Максим Михайлович; Огородникова, Ольга Вячеславовна; Писарев, Александр Александрович
Helium (He) is a product of deuterium-tritium (DT)-fusion reaction and will be a natural impurity in DT plasma in future fusion devices. He retention in tungsten irradiated by plasma and mass-separated ions in a wide temperature range (300-1200 K) was investigated by means of thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS). He retention did not exceed the level of 1.5 x 10(21) He m(-2) for all investigated samples. A significant effect of air exposure on TDS spectra was demonstrated. In contrast to in situ TDS measurements, He release after interaction with the air started from similar to 400 K, even in the case of high temperature irradiation. Changes in surface morphology were analyzed by secondary electron microscopy. Blisters were found at the surface after ion irradiation at low temperatures. Acceleration of surface modification and more complex surface morphology was observed in the case of irradiation at temperatures above 1000 K.
Только метаданные
Characterization of millisecond-scale high-power impulse magnetron discharge in helium
(2020) Kaziev, A. V.; Kolodko, D. V.; Kharkov, M. M.; Rykunov, G. I.; Sergeev, N. S.; Tumarkin, A. V.; Казиев, Андрей Викторович; Колодко, Добрыня Вячеславич; Харьков, Максим Михайлович; Сергеев, Никита Сергеевич; Тумаркин, Александр Владимирович
© 2021 IEEEImpulse magnetron discharges with millisecond-scale pulses-extended duration modes of technological high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS)-have promising applications in pulsed plasma facilities of different kinds due to high ionization degree (up to 90%), suitable duration, and scalable hardware design. Depending on operating conditions, at the same power level, two distinct diffuse regimes can be distinguished: the one with intense target sputtering-long HiPIMS (L-HiPIMS),-and the non-sputtering low-voltage one (non-sputtering magnetron discharge). The majority of existing studies of these discharge forms were made for argon working gas. For a number of prospective high-power pulsed plasma applications (e. g. pulsed plasma accelerators and thrusters), however, the option of using light gases is preferable. Here, the operation of a millisecond-scale impulse magnetron discharge (L-HiPIMS) in helium has been examined. The plasma parameters (electron density, electron temperature) were measured in a time-resolved fashion with a Langmuir probe. The electrical measurements were accompanied with optical emission spectroscopy. The use of the long pulsed modes enables achieving high plasma density and accelerating the ion flux with a peak energy of ~ 10 eV.
Только метаданные
Deuterium and helium retention in W with and without He-induced W ‘fuzz’ exposed to pulsed high-temperature deuterium plasma
(2019) Tokitani, M.; Ogorodnikova, O. V.; Klimov, K. S.; Poskakalov, A. G.; Kaziev, A. V.; Kharkov, M. M.; Efimov, V. S.; Gasparyan, Y. M.; Volkov, N. V.; Alimov, V. K.; Огородникова, Ольга Вячеславовна; Климов, Николай Сергеевич; Казиев, Андрей Викторович; Харьков, Максим Михайлович; Ефимов, Виталий Сергеевич; Гаспарян, Юрий Микаэлович
© 2018 Elsevier B.V. In the present work, helium (He) was incorporated into tungsten (W) samples by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) source above the threshold of He-induced W ‘fuzz’ formation on W surface. Then, W samples with and without nano-structured W ‘fuzz’ were exposed to pulsed heat loads using deuterium (D) plasma in quasi-stationary high-current plasma gun QSPA-T. The pulse duration was 1 ms and number of pulses was varied from one to thirty to simulate ITER transient events with surface heat load parameters relevant to edge-localized-mode (ELM) impacts. The irradiation was performed below and above the W melting threshold. The D and He retention in each irradiated sample was measured by a method of thermal desorption spectroscopy. We examined the impact of (i) ELMs-like events and (ii) formation of He-induced nano-structured ‘fuzz’ on the D retention in W. We found that the D retention was the highest for samples irradiated by plasma gun above the melting threshold after thirty pulses. Moreover, the D retention after 10 pulses of deuterium plasma gun exposure was higher than that after stationary low-energy plasma exposure at sample temperature of either 600 or 700 K indicating the dominate influence of ELM's-like events on the D retention compared to normal operation regime. The D retention in W samples with the presence of He-induced W ‘fuzz’ was slightly smaller than without that after one pulse of plasma gun exposure with heat load below the W melting temperature. The W ‘fuzz’ was not disappear in this loading conditions, only the length and thickness of nano-structured W fibres were reduced by factors of ∼4 and ∼2, respectively. The He concentration in W with W ‘fuzz’ was decreased by a factor of about 3 after one pulse of plasma gun exposure. The results obtained give possibility to assess the particle retention in divertor areas subjected to high thermal loads at different operation regimes.
Открытый доступ
SURFACE MODIFICATIONS OF W-BASED MATERIALS UNDER HELIUM AND DEUTERIUM ION IMPLANTATION
(НИЯУ МИФИ, 2021) Ogorodnikova, O. V.; Klimov, N. S.; Gasparyan, Yu. M.; Harutyunyan, Z. R.; Efimov, V. S.; Kovalenko, D.; Gutarov, K.; Poskakalov, А. G.; Kharkov, M. M.; Kaziev, A. V.; Харьков, Максим Михайлович; Гаспарян, Юрий Микаэлович; Казиев, Андрей Викторович; Ефимов, Виталий Сергеевич; Огородникова, Ольга Вячеславовна
In a thermonuclear reactor, materials will be irradiated with hydrogen isotopes and helium (He), neutrons, and heat fluxes. Tungsten (W) and dense nano-structured tungsten (CMSII) coatings are used as plasma-facing materials in current tokamaks and suggested to be used for future fusion devices. In this regard, the study of the accumulation of He and deuterium (D) in W based materials and corresponding surface modifications under normal operation conditions and transient events appears necessary for assessment of safety of fusion reactor due to the radioactivity of tritium and material performance and for the plasma fuel balance. Therefore, in this work, irradiation of W-based materials with D and He ions in stationary regime and in quasi-stationary high-current plasma gun QSPA-T below and above the melting threshold has been performed. In QSPA-T, a pulse duration was 1 ms and number of pulses was varied from one to thirty. In stationary plasma loads, ion energy was varied from 20 to 3 keV, temperature 300-1200 K and flux/fluence 1017-1021 at/m2s/1020-1025 at/m2.
Только метаданные
Direct ion content measurements in a non-sputtering magnetron discharge
(2019) Kaziev, A. V.; Kolodko, D. V.; Ageychenkov, D. G.; Tumarkin, A. V.; Kharkov, M. M.; Stepanova, T. V.; Казиев, Андрей Викторович; Колодко, Добрыня Вячеславич; Агейченков, Дмитрий Григорьевич; Тумаркин, Александр Владимирович; Харьков, Максим Михайлович; Степанова, Татьяна Владимировна
In present contribution we report the first direct measurements of ion fluxes in a nonsputtering magnetron discharge (NSMD) with Al cathode in Ar/O-2 mixtures. The diagnostic unit comprising three-electrode electrostatic lens ion extractor, magnetic sector mass-analyzer, and a vacuum electron multiplier was calibrated and then used to record the time-resolved ion counts of Al+ and Ar+ both in NSMD and arc regimes. The results clearly indicate that in NSMD the dominant species are Ar ions while Al ion signal is lower than the sensitivity limit due to noise level, in contrast to the arc discharge. The capabilities of the diagnostics setup and its sensitivity limits are discussed.
Только метаданные
Langmuir probe diagnostics of an impulse magnetron discharge with hot Cr target
(2019) Tumarkin, A. V.; Kaziev, A, V.; Leonova, K. A.; Kharkov, M. M.; Kolodko, D. V.; Khomyakov, A. Yu.; Тумаркин, Александр Владимирович; Казиев, Андрей Викторович; Харьков, Максим Михайлович; Колодко, Добрыня Вячеславич
Impulse magnetron discharge (pulse duration 20 ms) with uncooled Cr target has been investigated with a specially designed Langmuir probe setup in a wide range of parameters (magnetic field and discharge power). The spatial distributions of electron temperature and plasma density have been measured in the gasless self-sputtering mode. It has been shown that in the gasless high-power pulsed discharge with hot Cr target, plasma density is as high as 5 x 10(18) M-3 at a pulsed power density of 1430 W/cm(2), while the electron temperature drops to values below 1 eV.
Только метаданные
Analysis of the Near-Surface Layers of Lithium Coatings Using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
(2019) Vovchenko, E. D.; Krat, S. A.; Kostyushin, V. A.; Khar'kov, M. M.; Bulgadaryan, D. G.; Prishvitsyn, A. S.; Stepanova, T. V.; Kurnaev, V. A.; Zakharov, L. E.; Вовченко, Евгений Дмитриевич; Крат, Степан Андреевич; Харьков, Максим Михайлович; Пришвицын, Александр Сергеевич; Степанова, Татьяна Владимировна
© 2019, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.The paper reports results of studying the geometry of craters formed by the action of laser pulses on solid-state targets of aluminum and lithium films at a power density on the target of (1–5) × 1010 W/cm2 and variation of the number of pulses in the range of 1–150, as well as the results of ex situ layer-by-layer analysis of lithium films on quartz coatings carried out using the method laser induced breakdown spectroscopy to determine the thickness of the films.
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Comparison of thermal properties of a hot target magnetron operated in DC and long HIPIMS modes
(2021) Kaziev, A. V.; Kolodko, D. V.; Tumarkin, A, V.; Kharkov, M. M.; Lisenkov, V. Y.; Sergeev, N. S.; Казиев, Андрей Викторович; Колодко, Добрыня Вячеславич; Тумаркин, Александр Владимирович; Харьков, Максим Михайлович; Сергеев, Никита Сергеевич
© 2021 Elsevier B.V.Thermal properties of the magnetron discharge with uncooled copper and chromium targets were studied experimentally and theoretically for DC and long HiPIMS (L-HiPIMS) operation modes. A set of thermal fluxes was considered to build a numerical model of the hot target exposed to DC and high-power pulsed plasma. The modeling results were tested in the experiments. The temperature of targets was measured directly in course of magnetron discharge operation with an elaborated contact thermocouple method. The measurements were made in two modes. At first the temporal evolution of temperature was recorded for a fixed applied discharge power. The results were found to well agree with temperature values expected from calculations. At 2 kW power, it takes ~50 s to reach the melting point of copper. The steady-state temperature values were also measured for a number of discharge power levels. The obtained dependence clearly demonstrated that the main mechanisms of the target heat balance at high temperatures are surface radiation and heat transfer due to thermal conductivity of the heat insulation supports between the target and water-cooled cathode. The parameters of DC hot target magnetron were compared to the high-power pulsed regime with the pulse-on time 20 ms. A promising method of a hot target magnetron discharge operation was considered that involves applying long (>20 ms) high-power pulses to the target pre-heated in the DC mode during the pulse-off period.