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Ушаков, Вадим Леонидович

Организационные подразделения

Организационная единица

Институт интеллектуальных кибернетических систем

Цель ИИКС и стратегия развития - это подготовка кадров, способных противостоять современным угрозам и вызовам, обладающих знаниями и компетенциями в области кибернетики, информационной и финансовой безопасности для решения задач разработки базового программного обеспечения, повышения защищенности критически важных информационных систем и противодействия отмыванию денег, полученных преступным путем, и финансированию терроризма.

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Ушаков

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Вадим Леонидович

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Теперь показываю 1 - 10 из 64

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Neurophysiological Correlators of Semantic Features
(2020) Orlov, V.; Stroganova, T.; Velichkovskiy, B.; Korosteleva, A.; Ushakov, V.; Ушаков, Вадим Леонидович
© 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.The article presents the result of fMRI data processing - a map and characteristics of brain activity in the process of monitoring human speech activity. Experimental data calculated by 8 subjects. The main goal of the work was to localize the spatial and temporal dynamics of the neural networks of the cortex, which is responsible for the mechanism of verbal control. The secondary goal of the work was to recognize and remove noise components from the fMRI signal, which are related to human physiology and a feature of the test items.
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A Review of Method and Approaches for Resting State fMRI Analyses
(2020) Orlov, V. A.; Kozlov, S. O.; Enyagina, I. M.; Poyda, A. A.; Ushakov, V. L.; Ушаков, Вадим Леонидович
© 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (R-fMRI) measures spontaneous low-frequency oscillations of the BOLD signal in order to identify the functional architecture of the human brain. The analysis of such data allowed to identify resting state networks (RSN) and other areas of the brain that operate synchronously in time. Over the past few years, the interest of both scientists and clinicians to various methods of R-fMRI data analysis has greatly increased. In this article, we present a review and comparison of various methods and algorithms for analyzing the functional connectivity of the human brain in resting state, developed in the world, based on an analysis of the literature.
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Application of Registration of Human Vegetative Reactions in the Process of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
(2020) Orlov, V. A.; Kholodny, Y. I.; Kartashov, S. I.; Malakhov, D. G.; Ushakov, V. L.; Ушаков, Вадим Леонидович
© 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.This paper presents the first results of experiments on the joint use of MRI and MRI compatible polygraph in the study of neurocognitive processes, in particular - related to revealing of concealed information in humans. Experiments have shown the feasibility of using an MRI compatible polygraph in the process of fMRI studies. In the course of the study, the criterion for classifying subjects according to the dynamics of their vegetative reactions was discovered: the criterion allows for a more focused approach to the study of neurocognitive processes and may contribute to improving the quality of fMRI research for various purposes.
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Neuro-Correlates of the eBICA Model
(2020) Orlov, V. A.; Shigeev, S. V.; Ushakov, V. L.; Kartashov, S. I.; Samsonovich, A. V.; Ушаков, Вадим Леонидович; Самсонович, Алексей Владимир
© 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.The article presents a new approach to building semantic maps based on the use of the eBICA model and the calculation of neurophysiological correlates of behavioral motives based on fMRI data. In this study, a social videogame paradigm was used in combination with fMRI and other recording tools. The obtained data show the complex neural network dynamics of behavioral motives distributed on the cortical and subcortical regions of the brain, related to the interaction of a person with the collaborative non-player character powered by the eBICA cognitive architecture.
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Dynamic Parameters of the Diffusion in Human Brain White Matter During Cognitive Tasks
(2020) Orlov, V.; Kartashov, S.; Ushakov, V.; Ушаков, Вадим Леонидович
© 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.The aim of this work was to develop and analyze the MRI sequence for the functional tractography protocol. Also, a method of combining structural MRI, fMRI, tractography and functional tractography was developed to study the effect of changes in the diffusion of human CSF during performing the simplest cognitive tasks - motor stimulation and visual perception. Curves of these dynamic changes were obtained. A number of additional studies conducted show that described effect does not depend on the nearby large vessels.
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The role of brain stem structures in the vegetative reactions based on fMRI analysis
(2020) Orlov, V. A.; Kholodny, Y. I.; Malakhov, D. G.; Kovalchuk, M. V.; Ushakov, V. L.; Kartashov, S. I.; Ушаков, Вадим Леонидович
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.This work was aimed at studying the role of brain stem structures in vegetative responses upon presentation of self significant stimuli (personal name) using the functional MRI method. The subjects, based on the data of the MRI compatible polygraph, were divided into three groups with different degree of vegetative reactions to personality-related stimuli: with strong galvanic skin reactions (GSR) only—7 subjects; with medium GSR and cardiovascular response (CR)—6 subjects; and with low reactivity of GSR and CR—5 subjects. The obtained statistical maps of brain neural network activities showed high activation of the brain stem structures upon presentation of personality-related stimuli in the second group (medium GSR and CR); low activation of the stem structures in the first group (strong GSR); and complete absence of activation of the stem structures in subjects of the third group (with low reactivity of the GSR and CR). It was shown that the use of MRI compatible polygraph for selection of fMRI data to subsequent statistical analysis is effective.
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Basic Cognitive Architecture, Systemic Inflammation, and Immune Dysfunction in Schizophrenia
(2019) Ushakov, V. L.; Malashenkova, I. K.; Krynskiy, S. A.; Kartashov, S. I.; Ушаков, Вадим Леонидович
The aims of the project were to study the architecture of the brain's neural networks in the process of perceiving individual stimuli that are personally significant, to evaluate the main parameters of immunity and systemic inflammation, and to relate those to brain damage markers and patterns of cognitive-affective disorders in patients with schizophrenia. Materials and Methods. The study involved 35 patients with paranoid schizophrenia and 17 people without cognitive impairment. Clinical information about patients was obtained from the database created in the Alekseev Psychiatric Clinical Hospital No.1, Moscow Department of Health. The immunological arm of the study included the determination of key cytokines, neurotrophic factors, circulating immune complexes, C-reactive protein, cortisol, and immunoglobulins in the blood serum of patients. To study the cognitive functions, original methods of selecting the stimuli and recording the vegetative reactions were used; those allowed for identifying the architecture of neural networks involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Results. In this study, for the first time, changes in humoral immunity and parameters of systemic inflammation were found in patients with schizophrenia. Those changes included an increase in the levels of cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and interferon y, persisted regardless of the duration and nature of the antipsychotic therapy. Moreover, the immunological deviations were associated with the phase of the disease, it indicating their endogenous nature and connection with the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Our pilot neuroimaging studies showed the feasibility of using MRI-compatible polygraphy for creating a group of fMRI images suitable for statistical analysis thus providing an objective assessment of physiological reactions to the presentation of personally-significant stimuli (based on keywords and images from the patient's anamnesis). By using this approach, we were able to detect the activation of neural networks in the associative zones of the left cuneus and precuneus and the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex of both hemispheres, i.e., the areas responsible for the working memory and processes of consciousness. Conclusion. Important novel data have been obtained on the relations between neurophysiological parameters, the cytokine profile and the immune status in schizophrenia.
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fmri and tractographic studies of cognitive systems in the human brain at the norm and the paranoid schizophrenia
(2019) Orlov, V. A.; Malakhov, D. G.; Maslennikova, A. V.; Arkhipov, A. Y.; Ushakov, V. L.; Kartashov, S. I.; Ушаков, Вадим Леонидович
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019. This study is aimed at a systematic study of the work of neural networks of the human brain and their architecture in norm and in schizophrenia. To obtain the neurophysiological data, a unique complex of experimental equipment for world-class neurocognitive studies was used. The data obtained showed a significant decrease in the structural connectivity relationships for the rich club coefficient for a group of schizophrenic patients compared with the norm. Perception of emotionally negative visual and audio stimuli related to delusions in patients with schizophrenia does not lead to a significant decrease in BOLD signal as compared with the norm in Calcarine_L, Cerebelum_4_5_R, ParaHippocampal_LR, Precuneus_L, Temporal_Sup_R areas. The differences found in the structural and functional patterns of cognitive-affective disorders can serve as prognostic biomarkers in patients with schizophrenia and will make a significant contribution to the development of high-tech diagnostics in the early stages of mental illness.
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Contrasting human brain responses to literature descriptions of nature and to technical instructions
(2019) Orlov, V. A.; Malakhov, D. G.; Skiteva, L. I.; Zaidelman, L. Y.; Ushakov, V. L.; Kartashov, S. I.; Korosteleva, A. N.; Ушаков, Вадим Леонидович
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019. The problem of semantic mapping of the brain is one of the urgent problems in human neurocognitive studies. At the present time there are only few studies reported in the world literature, all of which are made on the material and with the participation of English language native speakers. Russian language can thus become the second language for which this kind of research will be carried out, namely, finding out a correspondence between the semantic classes of the Russian vocabulary and the cortical areas responsible for processing these semantic classes when the text is orally presented. To solve this problem, it is necessary to develop techniques that allow us to investigate cognitive and neurolinguistic mechanisms of perception and understanding of the continuous text segments in natural language. In this paper, we present data on the comparative mapping of the human brain structures involved in the perception of meaningful texts containing technical instructions and literature descriptions of nature.
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Dear readers!
(2019) Velichkovsky, B. M.; Ushakov, V. L.; Ушаков, Вадим Леонидович