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PHENIX Collaboration

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Creation of quark–gluon plasma droplets with three distinct geometries
(2019) Aidala, C.; Akiba, Y.; Alfred, M.; Andrieux, V.; Blau, D. S.; Riabov, V.; Samsonov, V.; Taranenko, A.; Блау, Дмитрий Сергеевич; Рябов, Виктор Германович; Тараненко, Аркадий Владимирович
© 2018, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. Experimental studies of the collisions of heavy nuclei at relativistic energies have established the properties of the quark–gluon plasma (QGP), a state of hot, dense nuclear matter in which quarks and gluons are not bound into hadrons1–4. In this state, matter behaves as a nearly inviscid fluid5 that efficiently translates initial spatial anisotropies into correlated momentum anisotropies among the particles produced, creating a common velocity field pattern known as collective flow. In recent years, comparable momentum anisotropies have been measured in small-system proton–proton (p+p) and proton–nucleus (p+A) collisions, despite expectations that the volume and lifetime of the medium produced would be too small to form a QGP. Here we report on the observation of elliptic and triangular flow patterns of charged particles produced in proton–gold (p+Au), deuteron–gold (d+Au) and helium–gold (3He+Au) collisions at a nucleon–nucleon centre-of-mass energy sNN = 200 GeV. The unique combination of three distinct initial geometries and two flow patterns provides unprecedented model discrimination. Hydrodynamical models, which include the formation of a short-lived QGP droplet, provide the best simultaneous description of these measurements.
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PHENIX Collaboration
(2019) Adare, A.; Afanasiev, S.; Aidala, C.; Ajitanand, N. N.; Blau, D.; Riabov, V.; Samsonov, V.; Taranenko, A.; Блау, Дмитрий Сергеевич; Рябов, Виктор Германович; Тараненко, Аркадий Владимирович
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Multiparticle azimuthal correlations for extracting event-by-event elliptic and triangular flow in Au + Au collisions at sNN =200 GeV
(2019) Adare, A.; Aidala, C.; Ajitanand, N. N.; Akiba, Y.; Blau, D.; Riabov, V.; Samsonov, V.; Taranenko, A.; Блау, Дмитрий Сергеевич; Рябов, Виктор Германович; Тараненко, Аркадий Владимирович
© 2019 American Physical Society. We present measurements of elliptic and triangular azimuthal anisotropy of charged particles detected at forward rapidity 1<|η|<3 in Au + Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV, as a function of centrality. The multiparticle cumulant technique is used to obtain the elliptic flow coefficients v2{2},v2{4},v2{6}, and v2{8}, and triangular flow coefficients v3{2} and v3{4}. Using the small-variance limit, we estimate the mean and variance of the event-by-event v2 distribution from v2{2} and v2{4}. In a complementary analysis, we also use a folding procedure to study the distributions of v2 and v3 directly, extracting both the mean and variance. Implications for initial geometrical fluctuations and their translation into the final-state momentum distributions are discussed.
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Nonperturbative-transverse-momentum broadening in dihadron angular correlations in root S-NN=200 GeV proton-nucleus collisions
(2019) Aidala, C.; Akiba, Y.; Alfred, M.; Andrieux, V.; Blau, D. S.; Riabov, V.; Samsonov, V.; Taranenko, A.; Блау, Дмитрий Сергеевич; Рябов, Виктор Германович; Тараненко, Аркадий Владимирович
The PHENIX collaboration has measured high-P T dihadron correlations in p + p, p + A1, and p + Au collisions at root S-NN = 200 GeV. The correlations arise from inter- and intrajet correlations and thus have sensitivity to nonperturbative effects in both the initial and final states. The distributions of p(out), the transverse-momentum component of the associated hadron perpendicular to the trigger hadron, are sensitive to initial-and final-state transverse momenta. These distributions are measured multidifferentially as a function of x(E), the longitudinal momentum fraction of the associated hadron with respect to the trigger hadron. The near-side p(out) widths, sensitive to fragmentation transverse momentum, show no significant broadening between p + Au, p + A1, and p + p. The away-side nonperturbative p(out) widths are found to be broadened in p + Au when compared to p + p; however, there is no significant broadening in p + A1 compared to p + p collisions. The data also suggest that the away-side p(out) broadening is a function of N-coll, the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions, in the interaction. The potential implications of these results with regard to initial- and final-state transverse-momentum broadening and energy loss of partons in a nucleus, among other nuclear effects, are discussed.
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Measurements of mu mu pairs from open heavy flavor and Drell-Yan in p plus p collisions at root s=200 GeV
(2019) Aidala, C.; Akiba, Y.; Alfred, M.; Andrieux, V.; Blau, D. S.; Riabov, V.; Samsonov, V.; Taranenko, A.; Блау, Дмитрий Сергеевич; Рябов, Виктор Германович; Тараненко, Аркадий Владимирович
PHENIX reports differential cross sections of mu mu pairs from semileptonic heavy-flavor decays and the Drell-Yan production mechanism measured in p + p collisions at root s = 200 GeV at forward and backward rapidity (1.2 < vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.2). The mu mu pairs from c (c) over bar, b (b) over bar, and Drell-Yan are separated using a template fit to unlike- and like-sign muon pair spectra in mass and p(T). The azimuthal opening angle correlation between the muons from c (c ) over bar and b (b) over bar decays and the pair-p(T) distributions are compared to distributions generated using PYTHIA and POWHEG models, which both include next-to-leading order processes. The measured distributions for pairs from a are consistent with PYTHIA calculations. The c (c) over bar data present narrower azimuthal correlations and softer p(T) distributions compared to distributions generated from POWHEG. The b (b ) over bar data are well described by both models. The extrapolated total cross section for bottom production is 3.75 +/- 0.24(stat) +/-(0.35)(0.50) (syst) +/- 0.45(global) [mu b], which is consistent with previous measurements at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider in the same system at the same collision energy and is approximately a factor of 2 higher than the central value calculated with theoretical models. The measured Drell-Yan cross section is in good agreement with next-to-leading-order quantum-chromodynamics calculations.
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Институт ядерной физики и технологий
Цель ИЯФиТ и стратегия развития - создание и развитие научно-образовательного центра мирового уровня в области ядерной физики и технологий, радиационного материаловедения, физики элементарных частиц, астрофизики и космофизики.
Описание
ФЕНИКС — это исследовательский эксперимент по исследованию столкновений тяжелых ионов и протонов при высоких энергиях, предназначенный специально для измерения прямых зондов столкновений, таких как электроны , мюоны и фотоны . Основная цель ФЕНИКСА — открыть и изучить новое состояние материи, называемое кварк-глюонной плазмой (КГП). Обнаружение и понимание КГП позволяет нам лучше понять Вселенную в моменты после Большого взрыва. Эксперимент «ФЕНИКС» состоит из набора детекторов, каждый из которых выполняет определенную роль в измерении результатов столкновения тяжелых ионов. Детекторы сгруппированы в два центральных плеча, которые способны измерять различные частицы, включая пионы , протоны , каоны , дейтроны , фотоны и электроны, и два мюонных плеча, которые сосредоточены на измерении мюонных частиц. Имеются также дополнительные детекторы характеристик событий, которые предоставляют дополнительную информацию о столкновении, и набор из трех огромных магнитов, искривляющих траектории заряженных частиц. Эти детекторы работают вместе в усовершенствованной высокоскоростной системе сбора данных для сбора информации о событии и последующего исследования свойств QGP.
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