Персона: Вольфенгаген, Вячеслав Эрнстович
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Semantic models to indicate post-truth with fake news channels
© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.The notion of post-truth currently is used for denoting circumstances in which objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief. At present, the post-truth, which means any fact that is interpreted in that system of values that you already know and are already familiar with, is taking an increasing share in the information space. Post-truth means circumstances in which objective facts have less influence on the formation of public opinion than emotions or personal beliefs. In this space, the subject is vulnerable to targeted informational impact, and his cognitive activity is redirected under the influence of the environment. In fact, from the point of view of information processes, the subject is not even in the world of post-truth, but in the world of fake news, which is beginning to crowd out healthy information resources. A semantic model of such an information space is proposed, which allows one to record the occurrence of a channel of potential undesirable effects. A computational model of the channeled impact is formulated on the basis of the original model of the interaction of information processes when the formation of an erroneous opinion (bug) for an information resource (Page) with its damage (harm), i.e. causing damage by indicating a false benefit (fake), provided that the user of the resource pursues (hit) a certain interest or benefit (Gain).
Semantic framework for data flow control in the network of information graphs
© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.The mixed information stream of reliable, semi-reliable and obviously false data observed in the network is a data flow in the so-called facilitated format, the task of which is to somehow attract attention, influence the emotional sphere in the form of hype-information, which helps to make hasty decisions and harm-actions. A growing variety of forms of technological push-impact, which are successfully used for commercial purposes. Nevertheless, the study of various push-forms shows that they are based on a single semantic component that uses the offset of actual concepts to achieve the benefit of the information provider. The consumer of push services receives an apparent benefit that is far from his actual interests and intentions. A semantic computational model is proposed that captures the emerging bias of concepts. The concept of a semantic broadcasting channel is developing. The paper considers the task of constructing specialized semantic systems in the form of information graphs. The information graphs are considered as structured sets of vertices that define the method of processing information and are connected by arcs, describing the sequence of processing. In its turn, an information graph can be used as an arc, which gives hyper-graph nature to the network in the whole. The information graphs are compared with other data flow control tools. The tools for constructing transformational semantics for calculations above information graphs are offered, which assume the specialization for the class of computations associated with the vertices of the graph. A method for making an abstract computing machine with a given semantics is proposed. The paper considers an example of making an abstract machine for the case of deterministic semantics, which is illustrative for certain fragments of antimonopoly legislation.
Hereditary information processes with semantic modeling structures
© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.In practice, when developing an information model, inheritance and composition mechanisms are used, which allows the model developer to extend the properties of the class. In this paper, we establish and use the difference between these two closely related representations when applied in aspect-oriented modeling. In particular, when an aspect is applied to extend the base class of the original model, the designer must choose to use composition. Depending on the composition order, indexing occurs, which can lead to the expansion of the base class by dynamic effects. With a different compositional order, a class narrowing occurs, since it becomes necessary to take into account an additional property. If you intend to define an alternative to a base class with advanced functionality, then inheritance should be used. The work demonstrates the power of the combined use of inheritance and composition, which allows us to develop an aspect-oriented modeling of a family of property transformations, in which a line of intermediate models of the working information process arises.
Capturing push-processing using enriched semantic mesh equipped with functionals-and-hops model
© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.One of the aims of this paper is to study how to define meshes, a kind of wireframe semantic models hidden behind the variety of external forms of manifestation of information processes on the Web. Their purpose is to fix non-logical patterns, some of which are constant, and some of then are varying with time/events. An enriched semantic model arises at the next stage of knowledge extraction and establishes conceptual dependencies in the form of a graph in which the nodes correspond to variable domains and/or variable concepts, and the edges are natural transformations. A computational model based on parametric functionals is generated. The areas of semantic stability are the imposed conditions of commutativity, which correspond to the emergence of information channels and the possibility of their equal use for promoting information over the network. In the computational model, this gives rise to a machinery for preventing confusion/entanglement of information processes based on the equality of representing functionals. Arguments in favor of its importance are given by the example of some tasks of social engineering (phishing).
Superimposing semantic mesh to prevent information processes entanglement
© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.In this paper, we study the problems of extracting concepts from data and introduce the notion of deviation of concepts. A wireframe model structure is established in the form of a semantic mesh, which allows you to control deviation by establishing the spectrum of possible hops on the way to achieving the generic concepts. The use of scaling to reflect the dynamics of information processes that represent data is shown. By varying the degree of generality of the scales used, the desired level of abstracting the semantic mesh is achieved. A representative example of a stepwise transition from a specific individual semantic mesh based on using the content of a subject area to an abstract semantic mesh that controls general information processes is constructed. The resulting conceptual model supports a scaled conceptual dependency on the generic and derived concepts. To map on a generalized semantic mesh with nodes in the form of variable domains, a mapper-adapter is required.
Indexical structures to enable knowledge mining tasks
© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.In this paper, it is shown that semantic modeling technologies rely on data indexing systems. The semantic information theory known today is based on the method of using the principle of index expressions, using the division into real, possible and virtual individuals/data objects. Organization of a search on the Web for the concept of conceptual modeling of information processes based on variable domains that is being developed in the work is based on the natural requirements imposed on data organization. The model structure implements the separation of individuals, which manifests itself in the interaction of data organization, search and indexing. The identity of the data and the information processes designated by them is achieved in this model structure. A skeleton view of the organization of the search is being developed, leading to the maintenance of a network of variable domains and the possibility of deploying on them a conceptual modeling of interacting information processes.
Capturing information processes with variable domains
© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.An approach to the construction of a computational model in which information processes are presented in the framework of theories without types, and they, in turn, are considered as special parts of typed theories, is proposed. Similar mixing was used in model studies for lambda-calculus. In contrast to them, in the present work, information processes correspond to parameterized metadata objects, which are variable domain constructs. Transformations of variable domains correspond to the spread of the process. Directional transformation provides the generation of metadata targets in the form of parameterized concepts. This simulates the evolving of the process, which allows the interpretation of the hidden time factor. The emerging model is purely process-based and provides a conceptual framework. The possibility of coding this framework with a system of interdependent lambda-terms is shown.