Publication: Mendeleev's law and Chicherin's atomic nucleus
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2020
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© 2020 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.The XVII International Conference and the School of Young Scientists "Physical and Chemical Processes in Atomic Systems"were dedicated to the 150th anniversary of the Mendeleev Periodic Table of Chemical Elements. Here we want to draw attention to the influence of Mendeleev's discovery on the development of the first model of the atom, assuming the existence of a nucleus in it. Historically, atomic models were developed on the basis of modern experimental data. W. Thomson's model (1902) uses the discovery of electrons by J.J. Thomson. Nagaoka's (1904) model derives the finite size of atomic nuclei from optical spectra, and Rutherford's (1911) model finds the actual size of nuclei from experimental alpha scattering data. In this work, we recall that it was Boris Nikolaevich Chicherin who proposed the earliest model that assumed the existence of an atomic nucleus. This model was published in a series of articles in the journal of the Russian physio-chemical society in 1887-1892. The model was based on a complex mathematical analysis of Mendeleev's law, specifically on the periodicity of experimental data associated with atomic specific volumes, and made it possible to predict the existence of a central positively charged nucleus and a negatively charged periphery of an atom. We must pay tribute to Chicherin and recognize his model as the earliest model of the atom, assuming the presence of an atomic nucleus in it.
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Ezhov, A. A. Mendeleev's law and Chicherin's atomic nucleus / Ezhov, A.A., Kharitonov, V.V. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series. - 2020. - 1696. - № 1. - 10.1088/1742-6596/1696/1/012001