Персона: Вольфенгаген, Вячеслав Эрнстович
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Computationally inspired cognitive modeling
A computational approach to cognitive modeling is proposed. The computational model is a parametric construction that takes into account cognitive stages and transitions between them. The cognitive model enables the idea of information processes, from their birth and appearance in a scope, evolution and canceling out their existence and disappearing from the scope. Process habitats are Lawvere's variable domains; inter-transition is based on the notion of channeled spreading of processes.
Indexical structures to enable knowledge mining tasks
© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.In this paper, it is shown that semantic modeling technologies rely on data indexing systems. The semantic information theory known today is based on the method of using the principle of index expressions, using the division into real, possible and virtual individuals/data objects. Organization of a search on the Web for the concept of conceptual modeling of information processes based on variable domains that is being developed in the work is based on the natural requirements imposed on data organization. The model structure implements the separation of individuals, which manifests itself in the interaction of data organization, search and indexing. The identity of the data and the information processes designated by them is achieved in this model structure. A skeleton view of the organization of the search is being developed, leading to the maintenance of a network of variable domains and the possibility of deploying on them a conceptual modeling of interacting information processes.
Computational Model for Granulating of Objects in the Semantic Network to Enhance the Sustainability of Niche Concepts
© 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.An applicative model is proposed for a conceptual interface with primitives: niche, associated granularity and concordance. The approach is adequate to the problem domain of law enforcement activities, practical tasks of which serve as an experimental base. The niche is the environment for interaction of concepts, in accordance with the norms and limitations of this environment. Granularity indicates the relative level of power or influence of the defining property of the concept within the niche. The concordance is the relation of several concepts with one approved defining property, when their different representations are linked, through negotiations, into a unit of consensus. As expected, niches and granularity will facilitate the process of presenting a complicated problem domain, allowing gradually detect and eliminate inaccuracies in the target model, increasing its degree of semantic homogeneity and sustainability.
Mutable Applicative Model to Prevent Entanglement of Information Processes
© 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.A system for detecting and possibly preventing undesirable changes in the properties of objects within information system (IS), leading to a violation of the semantic consistency of information, unstable functioning of the IS and, ultimately, loss of its operability, is proposed. The modeling tools is a means for detecting and preventing the destruction of the semantic integrity of data/metadata objects in IS. The basis is the original computational model, which increases the sustainability of semantic nets, while giving them more opportunities to reflect the dynamics of the problem domain. This gives rise to IS with increased expressive capabilities, supporting the evolving semantic nets, integrated with the Web. Mechanisms for modeling the dynamics of concepts and the computational model contribute to overcoming the contradictions that exist for today in the application of semantic information technologies.
Semantic models to indicate post-truth with fake news channels
© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.The notion of post-truth currently is used for denoting circumstances in which objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief. At present, the post-truth, which means any fact that is interpreted in that system of values that you already know and are already familiar with, is taking an increasing share in the information space. Post-truth means circumstances in which objective facts have less influence on the formation of public opinion than emotions or personal beliefs. In this space, the subject is vulnerable to targeted informational impact, and his cognitive activity is redirected under the influence of the environment. In fact, from the point of view of information processes, the subject is not even in the world of post-truth, but in the world of fake news, which is beginning to crowd out healthy information resources. A semantic model of such an information space is proposed, which allows one to record the occurrence of a channel of potential undesirable effects. A computational model of the channeled impact is formulated on the basis of the original model of the interaction of information processes when the formation of an erroneous opinion (bug) for an information resource (Page) with its damage (harm), i.e. causing damage by indicating a false benefit (fake), provided that the user of the resource pursues (hit) a certain interest or benefit (Gain).
Semantic framework for data flow control in the network of information graphs
© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.The mixed information stream of reliable, semi-reliable and obviously false data observed in the network is a data flow in the so-called facilitated format, the task of which is to somehow attract attention, influence the emotional sphere in the form of hype-information, which helps to make hasty decisions and harm-actions. A growing variety of forms of technological push-impact, which are successfully used for commercial purposes. Nevertheless, the study of various push-forms shows that they are based on a single semantic component that uses the offset of actual concepts to achieve the benefit of the information provider. The consumer of push services receives an apparent benefit that is far from his actual interests and intentions. A semantic computational model is proposed that captures the emerging bias of concepts. The concept of a semantic broadcasting channel is developing. The paper considers the task of constructing specialized semantic systems in the form of information graphs. The information graphs are considered as structured sets of vertices that define the method of processing information and are connected by arcs, describing the sequence of processing. In its turn, an information graph can be used as an arc, which gives hyper-graph nature to the network in the whole. The information graphs are compared with other data flow control tools. The tools for constructing transformational semantics for calculations above information graphs are offered, which assume the specialization for the class of computations associated with the vertices of the graph. A method for making an abstract computing machine with a given semantics is proposed. The paper considers an example of making an abstract machine for the case of deterministic semantics, which is illustrative for certain fragments of antimonopoly legislation.
Dynamics of Recognition of Properties in Diagnostics
© 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.The issues of processing semantic information for diagnostic studies are considered, in which, with the advent of personalized medicine, the task of ensuring efficiency and accuracy has come to the fore. The solution of such problems is associated with the need to recognize the properties of the samples, which is done by experts/crowdsourcers using the means of semantic modeling. In this regard, the analysis is subject to communication (1) level of knowledge with (2) forms of information processing and with (3) levels of abstraction. For this, a dynamic semantic model is developed and applied that can take into account such parameterization.
Capturing push-processing using enriched semantic mesh equipped with functionals-and-hops model
© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.One of the aims of this paper is to study how to define meshes, a kind of wireframe semantic models hidden behind the variety of external forms of manifestation of information processes on the Web. Their purpose is to fix non-logical patterns, some of which are constant, and some of then are varying with time/events. An enriched semantic model arises at the next stage of knowledge extraction and establishes conceptual dependencies in the form of a graph in which the nodes correspond to variable domains and/or variable concepts, and the edges are natural transformations. A computational model based on parametric functionals is generated. The areas of semantic stability are the imposed conditions of commutativity, which correspond to the emergence of information channels and the possibility of their equal use for promoting information over the network. In the computational model, this gives rise to a machinery for preventing confusion/entanglement of information processes based on the equality of representing functionals. Arguments in favor of its importance are given by the example of some tasks of social engineering (phishing).
Increasing of Semantic Sustainability in the Interaction of Information Processes
© 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Ordinary semantic network in use is based on the referencing of individuals in a constant mode. When modeling the interaction of information processes, there is a dynamic that requires a transient process. In this case, individuals can be dereferenced, which leads to a violation of the stability of the information system (IS). A dynamic model is proposed and, in particular, based on (after-became)-neighborhood of properties in the semantic network. There is a semantic Web, in which there is individual confluence, i.e. semantic vulnerabilities. A semantic secure solution is based on: (1) the semantic sustainability of interrelated information processes, (2) granulation of data-metadata objects, and (3) the generation of variable metadata objects. This is done against the background of the formation of “possible worlds” as a spectrum of evolving the events. There is a transformation of properties and an associated transition process, for which a means of ensuring sustainability is proposed.
Environment of Modeling Methods for Indicating Objects Based on Displaced Concepts
© 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.The paper considers the problem of constructing domain models based on a semantic network. One of the faced difficulties is to support the indication of objects that form the semantic network, while displaying the dynamics of the domain; this indication assumes the possibility of dynamic creating, modifying, and deleting objects. In this case the indication of objects is possible both by name and by position in the semantic network, as well as by the set of properties of the object. It shows that the set of indication methods required for modeling essentially coincides with the set required for controlling access to objects of the network; this makes it possible to consider the indication of objects and access control as two aspects of one task. The solution of the problem can be achieved based on using the technique of displaced concepts and description methods to indicate objects and access to them as specialization of concept bias. The paper generates requirements to the methods of objects indication and proposes an environment that provides modeling of various methods of indication based on the support of methods for modeling the shift of concepts in an applicative computing system. It describes a prototyped implementation of the environment by the method of extending an applicative system. The implementation was tested on the tasks of describing dynamic domains to support the introduction of the best available technologies.