Персона: Будыка, Александр Константинович
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Институт ядерной физики и технологий
Цель ИЯФиТ и стратегия развития - создание и развитие научно-образовательного центра мирового уровня в области ядерной физики и технологий, радиационного материаловедения, физики элементарных частиц, астрофизики и космофизики.
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Будыка
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Александр Константинович
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- ПубликацияТолько метаданныеEfficiency of Respiratory Protective Equipment in the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic(2021) Lukanina, K. I.; Budyka, A. K.; Rebrov, I. E.; Antipova, K. G.; Будыка, Александр КонстантиновичRespiratory protective equipment (RPE) is in high demand during epidemics and pandemics. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has demonstrated that the global industry had insufficient capacity for providing people with high-efficiency respirators. In this context, it is important to assess the protective properties of equipment designed to prevent the spread of infections. In this review, the hydrodynamic and filtering characteristics of modern RPE types present in the market, as well as their consumer performance, are analyzed taking into account the properties of virus-bearing aerosols. Approaches to developing novel, more efficient fiber-based RPE are proposed.
- ПубликацияТолько метаданныеInfluence of Aerosol Particle Parameters on Their Scavenging from the Atmosphere by Raindrops(2020) Pripachkin, D. A.; Budyka, A. K.; Припачкин, Дмитрий Александрович; Будыка, Александр Константинович© 2020, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.Abstract: A microphysical model has been proposed to assess the scavenging of artificial aerosol particles from the atmosphere by raindrops, where the raindrops are regarded as a highly rarefied filtering medium. The effect of aerodynamic parameters of aerosol particles on the efficiency of their capture by raindrops E and on the scavenging coefficient Λ has been numerically investigated for different precipitation rates I. A new formula has been proposed to evaluate the efficiency of aerosol capture by the raindrops. This model has been compared with other well-known models. The proposed model has been found to describe the interaction between aerosol particles and raindrops more strictly than the microphysical models considered in this study.
- ПубликацияТолько метаданныеMethod for estimating the measured exposure rate over the thyroid corresponding to certain levels of the absorbed dose in the thyroid for the public in the early period after a large radiation accident(2020) Shinkarev, S. M.; Kvacheva, Yu. E.; Grachev, M. I.; Androsova, A. A.; Budyka, A. K.; Будыка, Александр Константинович© 2020 State Research Center, Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency. All rights reserved.In case of a large radiation accident at the nuclear power station the most important radiation hazard for the public is internal exposure to the thyroid from radioiodine. The IAEA standard published in 2013 and accounting the experience of the Chernobyl and Fukushima accidents, recommends that, in the first 1-6 days after an inhalation intake of radioiodine the exposure rate over the thyroid be measured for the public and be guided by the following operational criteria: (a) 0.5 μSv h-1 for children under the age of 7 years, and (b) 2 μSv h-1 for children over 7 years and adults. These operational criteria are indicative estimates corresponding to the dose range 100-200 mGy in the thyroid for all age groups. However, a wider range of thyroid doses and a more detailed breakdown of children into five age groups according to the recommendations of the ICRP are of interest. The purpose of this paper is to develop a method for estimating the values of the measured exposure rate over the thyroid corresponding to certain levels of the absorbed dose in the thyroid for members of the public of different ages for various conditions of inhalation of radioiodine intake and times of measurement in the early period after a radiation accident. According to the method developed in the paper for the committed absorbed dose 100-200 mGy in the thyroid the exposure rates over the thyroid were calculated depending upon the time of inhalation intake after the accident and the time span between the moment of intake and the moment of measurement, which were equal to: 0.6- 4 μSv h-1 - for children of 1 year and 4-27 μSv h-1 - for adults. These values are significantly higher than those recommended by the IAEA Standard 0.5 μSv h-1 and 2 μSv h-1, respectively. It is important to stress that the IAEA recommendations provide conservative estimates of the measured exposure rate over the thyroid in order to maximize the coverage of critical group of the public for further dosimetric and medical examination. For example, for some options of the time of radioiodine inhalation intake and the time of measurement, the IAEA recommended the values of the exposure rate over the thyroid that can lead to an overestimation of the absorbed dose in the thyroid gland by a factor of up to 10.
- ПубликацияТолько метаданныеInfluence of Modeling Conditions on the Estimation of the Dry Deposition Velocity of Aerosols on Highly Inhomogeneous Surfaces(2024) Pripachkin, D. A.; Vysotsky, V. L.; Budyka, A. K.; Припачкин, Дмитрий Александрович; Будыка, Александр Константинович