Персона: Крымская, Ольга Александровна
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Институт ядерной физики и технологий
Цель ИЯФиТ и стратегия развития - создание и развитие научно-образовательного центра мирового уровня в области ядерной физики и технологий, радиационного материаловедения, физики элементарных частиц, астрофизики и космофизики.
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- ПубликацияОткрытый доступТермическая стойкость сталей с повышенными характеристиками прочности для корпусов перспективных реакторов ВВЭР различных проекто(2023) Мальцев, Д. А.; Крымская, Ольга Александровна; Исаенкова, Маргарита Геннадьевна; Кулешова, Евгения Анатольевна; Федотов, Иван Владимирович; Минушкин, Роман АлександровичРассмотрены результаты структурных исследований и механических испытаний после длительного теплового воздействия лабораторных плавок металлургически усовершенствованной стали 15Х2НМФА и стали с повышенным содержанием никеля, рассматриваемых в качестве материалов корпусов перспективных реакторов ВВЭР различных проектов. Показано, что как для усовершенствованной стали 15Х2НМФА, так и для высоконикелевой стали отсутствуют признаки зернограничного охрупчивания после проведения термообработки, провоцирующей охрупчивание, что связано с очень низкой зернограничной сегрегацией фосфора в исходном состоянии, обусловленной повышенной дисперсностью структуры, а также достаточно низким содержанием примесей. Кроме того, для усовершенствованной стали 15Х2НМФА не выявлено изменения предела текучести, что согласуется с результатами структурных исследований. Для высоконикелевой стали в результате длительного теплового воздействия выявлена тенденция к небольшому снижению предела текучести на 5 – 10% и закономерному снижению критической температуры хрупкости. Снижение механических характеристик связано с относительно низкой температурой высокого отпуска высоконикелевой стали и, соответственно, возможным протеканием процессов доотпуска структуры при длительном тепловом воздействии, о чем свидетельствуют результаты рентгеноструктурных исследований. Несмотря на протекание процессов доотпуска в высоконикелевой стали при длительном тепловом воздействии сохраняется стабильность основных упрочняющих карбидных фаз, за счет чего предел текучести остается на достаточно высоком уровне, превышающем значения для используемых сталей корпусов реакторов ВВЭР даже при тепловом воздействии с параметрами, значительно превосходящими предполагаемые условия эксплуатации корпусов перспективных ВВЭР. При этом снижение критической температуры хрупкости при тепловом воздействии лишь способствует повышению стойкости стали против хрупкого разрушения при эксплуатации.
- ПубликацияОткрытый доступThermal resistance of steels with increased strength properties for pressure vessels of advanced VVER reactors of various designs(2023) Maltsev, D. A.; Исаенкова, Маргарита Геннадьевна; Крымская, Ольга Александровна; Федотов, Иван Владимирович; Кулешова, Евгения Анатольевна; Минушкин, Роман Александрович; Kuleshova, E. A.; Fedotov, I. V.; Isaenkova, M. G.; Krymskaya, O. A.; Minushkin, R. A.The paper considers the results of structural studies and mechanical tests after a long-term thermal exposure of laboratory heats of the metallurgically improved 15Kh2NMFA steel and steel with an increased content of nickel considered as materials for the pressure vessels of advanced VVER-type reactors of various designs. It has been shown that, both for the improved 15Kh2NMFA steel and the high-nickel steel, there are no signs of grain boundary embrittlement after an segregation provoking embrittlement heat treatment. This is explained by the extremely low grain boundary segregation of phosphorus in the initial state caused by a high degree of the structure dispersity as well as by rather a low content of impurities. Besides, no changes have been found in the yield strength value for the improved 15Kh2NMFA steel, which agrees with the structure investigation results. For the high-nickel steel, a tendency towards a minor yield strength decrease by 5 to 10% and a regular reduction of the critical brittleness temperature has been revealed. A decrease in the mechanical properties has been caused by a relatively low temperature of tempering for the high-nickel steel and, accordingly, by the potential occurrence of the structure recovery during long-term thermal exposure, as evidenced by the results of an X-ray diffraction analysis. Despite the structure recovery in the high-nickel steel under the long-term thermal exposure, the main strengthening carbide phases remain stable. Due to this, the yield strength value remains at a relatively high level that exceeds the values for the modern VVER-type vessel steels, even in the case of a thermal exposure much in excess of the expected operating conditions for advanced VVER reactors. The observed decrease of critical brittleness temperature during the long-term thermal exposure contributes to an increase in the steel resistance to brittle fracture.
- ПубликацияОткрытый доступВлияние субструктурной неоднородности текстурованных сплавов на основе циркония на анизотропию их физико-механических свойств(НИЯУ МИФИ, 2020) Крымская, О. А.; Крымская, Ольга Александровна; Перлович, Ю. А.
- ПубликацияОткрытый доступEffect of Alternating Bending on Structure, Texture, and Mechanical Properties of Cu–Zn Alloy(2023) Rogachev, S. O.; Shelest, A. E.; Perkas, M. M.; Andreev, V. A.; Tabachkova, N. Yu.; Yusupov, V. S.; Ten, D. V.; Isaenkova, M. G.; Krymskaya, O. A.; Крымская, Ольга Александровна; Исаенкова, Маргарита ГеннадьевнаThe structure, texture, and mechanical properties of a C27400 brass (63% Cu–37% Zn) after alternating elastic–plastic deformation were studied. A 3-mm thick brass strip after softening annealing was subjected to alternating bending through one pass (19 bending acts) using an ARKU 25/21 precision roller straightener. Electron microscopy, x-ray texture analysis, microhardness measurements, and tensile testing were used to characterize the material. It has been established that the alternating bending leads to an increase in the yield point of a thick strip by 62% and the ultimate tensile strength by 12%, while the relative elongation is slightly reduced from 57 to 52%. Such a set of properties is provided by the grain structure refinement through the twinning mechanism; after alternating bending, the average grain size decreases more than 2 times. The contribution of different layers of the strip to the overall hardening is estimated. The anisotropy of the mechanical properties and its relation to texture was studied.
- ПубликацияТолько метаданныеAccounting for twinning when modelling plastic deformation of-zirconium(2020) Isaenkova, M. G.; Perlovich, Y. A.; Krymskaya, O. A.; Zhuk, D. I.; Исаенкова, Маргарита Геннадьевна; Крымская, Ольга Александровна© 2020, "Ore and Metals" Publishing house. All rights reserved.In this work, the process of deformation of zirconium, which is widely used in nuclear power plants, was investigated using crystal plasticity modeling. This approach allows analyzing of the reorientation of grains and studying the process of material structure changing: Splitting of grains due to the development of twinning and the formation of high-angle boundaries. DAMASK code was used for the numerical solution of problems. It is based on a mathematical method for solving systems of partial differential equations using fast Fourier transformation. The program has been developed for processing simulation data and reorientation of crystallite twins in which stresses exceed a certain critical level corresponding to this material. For verification of the created method, the data of rolling zirconium single crystal plates was used. These plates were cut using the spark method from a cylindrical single crystal of pure Zr obtained by solid-phase recrystallization. The qualitative correspondence of the modeled pole figures to the experimental ones was found. The efficiency of the created model of plastic deformation in the case of simultaneous activation of slip and twinning systems is demonstrated. The dependences of the distribution of contributions to the deformation of various slip and twinning systems on the degree of deformation during rolling are constructed. According to the simulation data, the share of twinning in texture reorientation is 87%. Moreover, 66% is the share of twinning systems of the type. At further stages, the influence of twins on the texture is rather small, in total for all systems ~ 5%.
- ПубликацияТолько метаданныеEffect of the Crystallographic Texture in the α Phase on the Anisotropy of the Properties of Pseudo-α and (α + β) Titanium Alloy Sheets(2021) Medvedev, P. N.; Isaenkova, M. G.; Krymskaya, O. A.; Babich, Y. A.; Исаенкова, Маргарита Геннадьевна; Крымская, Ольга Александровна© 2021, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.Abstract: The range in which the α-phase texture in hot-rolled sheets made of VT18U, VT41, and VT25U titanium alloys changes is found. Yield strength contours are calculated using the integral α-phase texture parameters. The yield strength anisotropy is shown to decrease with increasing β-phase content to 25 vol %, but it continues to depend on the texture of the α phase.
- ПубликацияТолько метаданныеThe Chemical and Mineral Composition of Particles Precipitated from a Plasma–Dust Layer on the Porthole of the Descend Space Vehicles during The Passage of the Earth’s Atmosphere(2021) Tugaenko, V. Y.; Ovchinnikov, D. S.; Isaenkova, M. G.; Kargin, N. I.; Krymskaya, O. A.; Timofeev, A. A.; Babich, Y. A.; Исаенкова, Маргарита Геннадьевна; Каргин, Николай Иванович; Крымская, Ольга Александровна; Тимофеев, Алексей Афанасьевич© 2021, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.Electron microscopic studies of the surface of the spacecraft descent vehicle (DV) have revealed faceted particles of various shape and size, which are formed when the DV travels through the Earth’s atmosphere at an ultrasonic velocity. The particles are no more than 5 µm in size. An X-ray diffraction analysis of the phase composition of the precipitate on the DVs porthole after their landing showed that the test samples contain the following minerals: сryptohalite—(NH4)2[SiF6]), sal ammoniac—NH4Cl, mullite—Al2SiO5, and other minerals that rarely occur in nature. The paper presents results of electron microscopic and X-ray studies of samples taken from 4 descent vehicles.
- ПубликацияОткрытый доступInfluence of the structural state and crystallographic texture of Zr-2.5% Nb alloy samples on the anisotropy of their thermal expansion(2021) Isaenkova, M. G.; Tenishev, A. V.; Krymskaya, O. A.; Stolbov, S. D.; Mikhal'chik, V. V.; Fesenko, V. A.; Klyukova, K. E.; Исаенкова, Маргарита Геннадьевна; Тенишев, Андрей Вадимович; Крымская, Ольга Александровна; Михальчик, Владимир Валерьевич; Фесенко, Владимир АлександровичZirconium remains the main structural material for thermal reactors due to the small capture cross section of thermal neutrons. In the period of stricter safety requirements for reactors with a simultaneous increase in operating parameters, predicting the behavior of the material in emergency situations has gained greater urgency. In this work, we measured the temperature dependence of the thermal expansion of samples cut from thick-walled tubes made of Zr-2.5% Nb alloy that were deformed and annealed in different modes. The analysis of the physical processes responsible for the shaping of the material is carried out. It was found that the anisotropic change in the linear dimensions of cubic samples both during heating and cooling is due to a change in the zirconium content in the beta-phase, phase transformations alpha + beta-Zr -> alpha + beta-Nb -> beta -> alpha + beta-Zr, as well as the preferred orientation of the grains of the alpha-phase, characterized by high anisotropy of linear expansion. It is shown that the expansion of the investigated samples upon heating in the alpha -phase is determined exclusively by the integral texture parameters of Kearns, and the coefficients of thermal linear expansion (TLEC) in different directions vary over a wide range from 3.10-6 to 12.10-6 K-1. During cooling at the stage of the reverse phase transformation of the beta-phase into alpha, an increase in the size of the cubic samples in the tangential direction up to 2.3 % and a decrease in the radial direction to 1.3 % are noted, which is associated with the orientation of the alpha-phase grains formed during cooling in the beta -matrix and anisotropy of the TLEC of the alpha-grains. It is shown that the orientation of the alpha-phase grains in the reverse beta -> alpha transformation is determined not only by the orientation of the basal axes in the initial material, but also by the spatial distribution of the prismatic axes relative to the external directions in the tube. Significant size fluctuations in different directions of the samples obtained using the technology of manufacturing channel tubes for CANDU reactors should lead to the development of significant macrostresses both during heating and cooling of the tube. The structural state of the samples deformed or annealed at 400-530 degrees C does not significantly affect the temperature dependence of the TLEC, but is manifested only in some of its features. In this case, completely recrystallized samples, i.e., with a recrystallization texture, in which the 1120 directions are oriented along the tube axis, are characterized by a significantly lower variation in dimensions in different directions in the temperature range 20-1200 degrees C.
- ПубликацияОткрытый доступPost-mortem analyses of gap facing surfaces of tungsten tiles of T-10 ring limiter(2021) Arkhipov, I.; Grashin, S.; Zibrov, M.; Pisarev, A.; Babich, Y.; Berdnikova, M.; Gasparyan, Y.; Gutorov, K.; Efimov, V.; Isaenkova, M.; Krat, S.; Krymskaya, O.; Kurnaev, V.; Stepanova, T.; Vovchenko, E.; Vizgalov, I.; Писарев, Александр Александрович; Бердникова, Мария Михайловна; Гаспарян, Юрий Микаэлович; Гуторов, Константин Михайлович; Ефимов, Виталий Сергеевич; Исаенкова, Маргарита Геннадьевна; Крат, Степан Андреевич; Крымская, Ольга Александровна; Степанова, Татьяна Владимировна; Вовченко, Евгений Дмитриевич© 2020 Elsevier B.V.Surfaces facing the gap between W tiles of the ring limiter of tokamak T-10 were analyzed after T-10 decommissioning using LIBS, SEM/EDA, XRD, TDS, and NRA techniques. Gaps with the width of 5 mm and 0.1 mm were nearly completely covered to their full depths of 22 and 15 mm, respectively, by a deposited film. The film was formed mainly by deposition of lithium that came from Li limiter and transformed in air to Li2CO3 and Li2O. Carbon was deposited from volatile hydrocarbons sputtered from the tokamak walls. Besides, carbon appeared due to chemical reaction with lithium in air. Chemical interactions of W with C, O, and Li led to formation W2C, WC, WO2, and Li2WO4. Carbides formed in W over the entire surface to the full depth of the gaps. Trapping of deuterium and helium in tiles was demonstrated. Possible influence of auto-oscillating discharges on ionization and ion trapping of C,D, and He in gaps is discussed.
- ПубликацияОткрытый доступSTUDY OF SUBSTRUCTURAL HETEROGENEITY OF TEXTURED MATERIALS BY THE X-RAY METHOD OF GENERALIZED DIRECT POLE FIGURES Исследование субструктурнои неоднородности текстурованных материалов рентгеновским методом обобщенных прямых полюсных фигур(2020) Perlovich, Y. A.; Isaenkova, M. G.; Krymskaya, O. A.; Babich, Y. A.; Fesenko, V. A.; Исаенкова, Маргарита Геннадьевна; Крымская, Ольга Александровна; Фесенко, Владимир Александрович